Lagos · Built environment

Land.
Inspect parcels, tenure and land use.

Inspect land use, zoning, tenure and servicing context before considering the limits of synthetic parcel values.

Public sample available

Read certification →Read evidence →Read audit findings →

← Back to Lagos certification records

Published domain facts

Land Parcels, Lagos: 77,976
Titled (CofO + Governor's Consent): 36%
Land Tax Bills (Lagos): 1,283,535
Structural Checks Pass, Lagos: 10 / 10

Overview

Domain scope

Inspect land use, zoning, tenure and servicing context before considering the limits of synthetic parcel values.

Read the published guide →

Public sample access

Public sample available

Preview samples & fields →

Known limits

Locations are ward-level, without parcel geometry. Dispute risk covers selected Lagos contexts; citywide values have weaker evidence than some areas. Catalogue membership does not establish generated outcomes. Encumbrance corrections are documented. Titles, risk and values are analytical, not real legal facts.

Review the source limits →

Full scope reference 2 documented sections

Published domain scope.

Inspect synthetic parcels, tenure, title status, land use and values. Shared geography supplies context for housing, construction and business analysis.

Compare land use and zoning
Inspect title and servicing status
Review parcel size and valuation fields

Land Parcels, Lagos: 77,976
Titled (CofO + Governor's Consent): 36%
Land Tax Bills (Lagos): 1,283,535
Structural Checks Pass, Lagos: 10 / 10

Domain scope.

Inspect the published scope and deployment boundaries.

Read the published detail

FCTE models land as more than location — every Parcel carries a supported tenure, title status, land use, market value and (where the evidence supports it) a dispute-risk profile, inside the same connected City Twin™ as Housing , Construction and Households.

Land provides the spatial and economic foundation beneath housing, construction and business activity. Those domains can be analyzed against shared parcel and geography context; the physical relationship graph is controlled.

Lagos City Twin™ · 1940–2026

Housing

Samples & fields

Published sample records.

Free parcel sample · rows and field definitions

Free parcel sample

Parcel code	Ward name	Land use type	Owner category	Title status	Plot area (m²)	Estimated market value (local)	Latest transfer reason
LOS/215/00242	Orile-Agege	Commercial	Business	Disputed	4705.00	8179093.28	InitialGrant
LOS/255/00384	Parkview	Residential	Business	CofO	3010.00	34109755.93	InitialGrant
LOS/232/00072	Alimosho-Road	Residential	Business	Government-Reserve	757.00	2955477.11	InitialGrant

Showing 3 of 100 sample rows and 8 of 52 fields. “Not recorded” is a display label; downloads retain original values.

Published field definitions · 8 visible fields

Parcel code

Parcel code as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.

Original field: ParcelCode
Example: LOS/215/00242

Ward name

Ward name as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.

Original field: WardName
Example: Orile-Agege

Land use type

The category or type assigned to the land use in the source record.

Original field: LandUseType
Example: Commercial

Owner category

Individual, Business, Government or Community, exactly as supplied.

Original field: OwnerCategory
Example: Business

Title status

The state recorded for the title in this extract.

Original field: TitleStatus
Example: Disputed

Plot area (m²)

The land parcel’s recorded area, in square metres.

Original field: PlotSizeSqM
Example: 4705.00

Estimated market value (local)

The modelled market value recorded for the parcel, in local currency.

Original field: MarketValueLocal
Example: 8179093.28

Latest transfer reason

Latest transfer reason as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.

Original field: LatestTransferReason
Example: InitialGrant

CSV ↓JSON ↓PARQUET ↓Field guide CSV ↓Field guide JSON ↓Inspect the dataset →

Complete published field dictionary · 52 fields

ParcelIdParcel reference: The reference used to identify the parcel associated with this record.Example: 43185
ParcelCodeParcel code: Parcel code as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.Example: LOS/215/00242
WardIdWard reference: Ward identifier supplied for the parcel. Use this identifier, since ward names are not unique in the source.Example: 215
WardNameWard name: Ward name as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.Example: Orile-Agege
WardIncomeMultiplierWard income multiplier: Ward income multiplier as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.Example: 0.65
WardInformalSectorRateWard informal sector rate: Ward informal sector rate as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.Example: 0.76
LandUseTypeLand use type: The category or type assigned to the land use in the source record.Example: Commercial
ZoningCodeZoning code: The published code identifying the zoning. Codes are retained as supplied in the source.Example: ZC1
PlotSizeSqMPlot area (m²): The land parcel’s recorded area, in square metres.Example: 4705.00
OwnerCategoryOwner category: Individual, Business, Government or Community, exactly as supplied.Example: Business
TitleStatusTitle status: The state recorded for the title in this extract.Example: Disputed
TitleNumberTitle number: Title number as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.Example: LASLA-1940-0127884
IsServicedIs serviced: Whether the parcel is recorded as having services in the source data.Example: 0
IsEncumberedIs encumbered: Whether the parcel has an encumbrance flag in the source record.Example: 0
MarketValueLocalEstimated market value (local): The modelled market value recorded for the parcel, in local currency.Example: 8179093.28
AcquisitionDateAcquisition date: Recorded acquisition date for the parcel. It is not necessarily the current owner’s acquisition date.Example: 1979-03-19
OwnerLinkTypeOwner link type: Source classification of the owner association. Beneficial and Direct links differ; None and BusinessNoCitizen do not supply a resident owner.Example: Beneficial
ResolvedOwnerCitizenIdResolved owner resident reference: Resident identifier supplied for a resolved owner. This download does not verify joins to a separate citizen table.Example: 20380697
OwningBusinessIdOwning business reference: Owning business reference as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.Example: 119006
OwningBusinessNameOwning business name: Owning business name as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.Example: Ikeja-Central Technology Plc
OwningBusinessSectorCodeOwning business sector code: Owning business sector code as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.Example: TECHNOLOGY
OwningBusinessSizeOwning business size: Owning business size as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.Example: LARGE
OwningBusinessIsActiveOwning business is active: Owning business is active as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.Example: 1
OwnerFullNameOwner full name: Owner full name as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.Example: Adesola Mosope Adeleke
OwnerDOBOwner date of birth: Owner date of birth as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.Example: 1930-12-13
OwnerAgeOwner age: Owner age as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.Example: 95
OwnerGenderOwner gender: Owner gender as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.Example: F
OwnerEthnicGroupIdOwner ethnic group reference: Owner ethnic group reference as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.Example: 1
OwnerEthnicGroupOwner ethnic group: Owner ethnic group as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.Example: Yoruba
OwnerRegistrationDateOwner registration date: Owner registration date as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.Example: 2024-11-15
OwnerResidencyStatusOwner residency status: Owner residency status as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.Example: Resident
OwnerIsCurrentlyPhysicallyResidentOwner is currently physically resident: Owner is currently physically resident as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.Example: 1
OwnerIsDeceasedOwner is deceased: Owner is deceased as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.Example: 0
OwnerDeathDateOwner death date: Death date as supplied. All selected values are NULL; no date has been inferred.Example: Not recorded
OwnerResidenceWardIdOwner residence ward reference: Owner residence ward reference as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.Example: 207
OwnerResidenceWardNameOwner residence ward name: Owner residence ward name as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.Example: Lagos-Island-North
SameWardAsResidenceSame ward as owner residence: Same ward as owner residence as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.Example: 0
OwnerHouseholdIdOwner household reference: Owner household reference as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.Example: 4780523
OwnerHouseholdTypeOwner household type: Owner household type as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.Example: Nuclear
OwnerHouseholdRoleOwner household role: Owner household role as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.Example: Head
OwnerIsHouseholdHeadOwner is household head: Owner is household head as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.Example: 1
OwnerHouseholdSizeOwner household size: Owner household size as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.Example: 3
HasOwnershipHistoryOwnership history recorded: Whether ownership history is recorded. Latest transaction fields describe the latest supplied record, not a complete history.Example: 1
LatestTransactionDateLatest transaction date: Date of the latest supplied transaction. This is a snapshot sample, not an interactive longitudinal extract.Example: 1979-03-19
LatestTransferReasonLatest transfer reason: Latest transfer reason as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.Example: InitialGrant
LatestTransactionCategoryLatest transaction category: Latest transaction category as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.Example: GovernmentAction
LatestTransferValueLocalLatest transfer value (local): Latest transfer value (local) as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.Example: 6342356.83
LatestTitleInstrumentLatest title instrument: Latest title instrument as supplied in the parcel extract. Missing values remain unfilled.Example: CofO
RichnessScoreRichness score: Source-provided richness score, preserved unchanged. It is not a FCTE quality rating.Example: 2
SampleCategorySharePctSample category share pct: Original 5,000-row extract metadata, preserved unchanged. These values do not make the selected 100-row demonstration sample representative or provide valid selection weights.Example: 25.0000
PopulationCategorySharePctPopulation category share pct: Original 5,000-row extract metadata, preserved unchanged. These values do not make the selected 100-row demonstration sample representative or provide valid selection weights.Example: 10.0172
CategoryReweightFactorCategory reweight factor: Original 5,000-row extract metadata, preserved unchanged. These values do not make the selected 100-row demonstration sample representative or provide valid selection weights.Example: 0.4007

Download complete field guide JSON ↓

Additional records and schema context 1 documented sections

From city to ward to land.

Inspect the published definitions and release context.

Read the published detail

Representative public records illustrate land-use, tenure and value context. Physical identifiers, exact live counts and calibration mechanics are not published; these are not cadastral or legal property records.

Explore Land Data →

Public entity family	Represents	Disclosure boundary
Parcel context	Synthetic land unit, use and geography context	Physical parcel identifiers and geometry fields are controlled
Ownership & title	Ownership history and title-status context	Physical ownership keys and transition mechanics are controlled
Valuation & tax context	Longitudinal market-value and land-tax context	Exact index formulas and calibration parameters are controlled
Risk & dispute context	Encumbrance and dispute-risk context	Exact risk assignment rules are controlled

ParcelCode	LandUseType	TitleStatus	MarketValueLocal
LOS/155/01187	Residential	Informal	NGN 38,000,000
LOS/053/00926	MixedUse	CofO	NGN 2,150,000,000

Explore Land Data →

Connections

Known and possible relationships

Inspect the published definitions and release context.

Domain or context	Relationship and published scope
Ward placement	260 Lagos wards
Citizen	Parcel (documented relationship, mutually exclusive with BusinessOwner)
Business	Parcel (documented relationship)
Housing	HousingUnit
Construction	Project
Finance	TaxAssessment (references Parcel; NO_ACTION, no cascade)
Infrastructure	planned. The current public release does not assert direct parcel-to-infrastructure-asset traversal
Published scope	Dispute-risk context ↔ informal-sector conditions (Nigeria uses ward-level context during synthetic generation; internal methods remain controlled)

Full relationship reference 1 documented sections

Known and possible relationships.

Inspect the published definitions and release context.

Read the published detail

Connections follow the published domain scope. Optional, contextual and planned relationships retain their stated limits below.

Domain or context	Relationship and published scope
Ward placement	260 Lagos wards
Citizen	Parcel (documented relationship, mutually exclusive with BusinessOwner)
Business	Parcel (documented relationship)
Housing	HousingUnit
Construction	Project
Finance	TaxAssessment (references Parcel; NO_ACTION, no cascade)
Infrastructure	planned. The current public release does not assert direct parcel-to-infrastructure-asset traversal
Published scope	Dispute-risk context ↔ informal-sector conditions (Nigeria uses ward-level context during synthetic generation; internal methods remain controlled)

Housing Construction Taxation Business Finance Infrastructure

Domain guide

Land · archived guide edition

Striped Donkey V5.89 - 7 September 2026

Counts, prices and “live/today” certification statements reflect this dated edition. They are not a current rerun or offer. The current scope, known limits and accepted quote take priority.

Published scope and limits

Read the source limits →

Open PDF ↗Download recorded guide ↓

Accessible HTML reference 3 documented sections

Modelled entities.

Explore the entities and states represented by this domain.

Read the published detail

FCTE Land represents the ground itself — a synthetic parcel's tenure, title, use, value and (where the evidence supports it) dispute risk — not a mapped cadastral survey. Every fact below is grounded in the deployed domain release and its certification evidence, not a marketing simplification.

Parcel: ParcelCode, WardId, PlotSizeSqM — 77,976 synthetic parcels across Lagos, ward-keyed, not geo-coordinate-keyed.

A converged 10-value LandUseTypeCatalog (Residential, Commercial, Industrial, MixedUse, Public, Agricultural, Recreational, Institutional, Government, Wetland) shared by Lagos.

Nigeria's title-status catalog distinguishes CofO, Governors Consent, Informal, Disputed, and Government Reserve. These are genuinely different legal institutions, not one generic title bucket.

OwnershipTypeCatalog: Individual, Business, Government, Community — enforced directly by the data environment itself, tying ownership type to which owner field is populated.

Long-run market evidence, citywide value context and area-level calibration bands create a sourced longitudinal valuation context rather than a static parcel number.

DisputeRiskProfile a ward-keyed risk score grounded in the real, documented Omo Onile phenomenon.

Synthetic by design: FCTE land records are analytical representations. They are not cadastral records, legal titles, property searches, or representations of actual land ownership. If a capability isn't in the data structure below, this page doesn't claim it exists.

Land models the underlying urban asset and its supported legal/economic characteristics. Housing models the household's relationship with a dwelling. These are not two names for the same table.

Domain	Core Question	Key Objects
Land	What land exists, and under what tenure?	Parcel, TitleStatus, OwnershipHistory, DisputeRiskProfile
Construction	What gets built on it?	Project, Permit, Inspection
Housing	Where does a household live?	HousingUnit, Tenancy, Occupancy
Households	Who lives there?	Head, Spouse, Children, Other members

Housing Households

Two land units in the same city can have very different realities.

Inspect the published definitions and release context.

Read the published detail

Established areas can carry formal tenure and premium market context without implying a real cadastral record.

Rapid growth, informal tenure and dispute context can overlap in selected Lagos areas. Public pages expose the qualitative relationship while exact locality weights remain controlled.

Prevalence and servicing distributions are city-calibrated. Exact probability bands, locality coefficients and generation model weights are not public.

View Rule Documentation →

The public model distinguishes established formal areas, informal-tenure contexts and rapid-growth areas using evidence-backed categories. Exact ward-level weights and absence/baseline conventions are controlled.

Lagos land context	Public treatment
Established formal tenure	Baseline / lower-risk context
Informal or uncertain tenure	Elevated tenure-risk context
Rapid-growth corridor	Documented dispute context where supported
Disputed title state	Modeled as a title/tenure condition

View Rule Documentation →

Land value changes as the city changes.

Inspect the published definitions and release context.

Read the published detail

FCTE represents land-value change as a longitudinal index calibrated to available market evidence — not as a professional appraisal of any individual parcel. Public pages expose direction, period and evidence class while exact index formulas and locality multipliers remain controlled.

Land-use-charge and valuation evidence provide fiscal context for Lagos land analytics. Exact adjustment mechanics remain controlled.

Legal, planning and tenure evidence anchors the public land-status model.

Published market and historical evidence anchor direction and relative area context.

Open Land Evidence Catalogue →

Area context	Public value band	Basis
Established premium area	Premium	Observed market / qualitative evidence
Rapid-growth area	Growth-sensitive	Observed market direction
City baseline	Baseline	Citywide longitudinal context

Open Land Evidence Catalogue →

Evidence & limits

Scope and known limits

Evidence, findings and release history 2 documented sections

Known limits.

Read the published detail

Parcel carries a Ward link, not a latitude/longitude or polygon. Every "location" claim on this page is ward-level differentiation, not a mapped cadastral parcel — there is no interactive map because there is no real geospatial geometry behind it.

A city-specific dispute-risk mechanism is included for selected Lagos contexts where public evidence supports it. Exact locality coverage and risk weights remain controlled.

Catalog membership is not the same claim as "this outcome actually gets generated" — disclosed here, not implied by the catalog's existence.

Citywide value calibration is intentionally conservative where evidence is stronger at area level than for the whole city. The public site reports the evidence-quality boundary rather than publishing the calibration curve.

An earlier release showed an implausible encumbrance distribution. The release was corrected and the change remains visible in version history; the internal reconciliation method is controlled.

No synthetic land unit corresponds to a real registered parcel, title or property unless explicitly documented otherwise. Title status, dispute risk and market value are all modeled analytical characteristics, not legal facts about any real place.

View All Land Limitations →

Does the synthetic land system resemble the city?

Inspect the published definitions and release context.

Read the published detail

Land is one of the cleanest domains in FCTE today — 10/10 structural checks and 7/7 realism checks pass in Lagos, 0 FAIL, 0 WARN. That clean result took several real, disclosed bug fixes to reach (see Limitations for what's still out of scope, not what's broken).

Open Land Realism Report →

The full certification check–L10 structural battery plus the 7-check certification check–R07 realism battery run live against Lagos release.

10 structural checks (certification check–L10) run live in Lagos, 0 FAIL. A separate 7-check realism suite (certification check–R07) passes fully — certification check is informational (cross-city encumbrance parity), not a PASS/FAIL gate.

Explore Every Land Check →

Related: Lagos's parcel valuation had zero relationship to ward affluence until a 2026-07-27 fix — see the correlation move from −0.019 to 1.009, all 77,976 Lagos parcels repriced →

certification check / L03 — resident/business owner reference integrity: 0 violations, Lagos
certification check — no parcel has both owner types set: 0 violations, Lagos
certification check — no parcel still owned by a deceased citizen: 0 violations, Lagos

certification check — MarketValueLocal ≥ 0 where populated: 0 violations
certification check — land-tax bill amount > 0: 0 violations, Lagos
certification check — value-affluence correlation: PASS, Lagos

certification check — land-use mix non-degeneracy (≥4 distinct types, largest ≤70%): PASS, Lagos
certification check — formal tenure serviced more than informal: PASS, Lagos

certification check — ownership transaction date within epoch–NowDate: 0 violations, Lagos
certification check — OwnershipHistory chronological consistency: 0 violations, Lagos
certification check — ward coverage ≥95%: PASS, Lagos

Open Land Realism Report →Explore Every Land Check →see the correlation move from −0.019 to 1.009, all 77,976 Lagos parcels repriced →

Access & datasets

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Review rights and delivery

Read the terms for public previews and commercial orders before requesting your extract.

Licensing & rights →Delivery standard →

Published access and recorded examples 1 documented sections

Recorded example.

Published release reference · These recorded checks are not a current rerun.

Explore the supplied synthetic example and its source references.

Read the published detail

A real Government-use parcel, ZC2 zoning, 4,177 sqm — published on Lagos.

Real OwnershipHistory rows: Citizen 7212863 held it by InitialGrant, then Citizen 19989204 acquired it by Sale — two dated, real transfers on the same parcel.

Parcel value context changes with the city and area through time; exact adjustment mechanics are controlled.

project-to-land relationship and certification check relationship link real built stock back to this ground.

A household occupies the dwelling; citizens live their lives on top of what land made possible.

Land → Building → Home → Household → Citizen.

Available as Standalone Domain · Multi-Domain Bundle · Full City Twin™

Explore Lagos city overview →Browse Lagos certification records →See the Evidence →Review licensing & delivery details →Configure full-domain access →Browse Land Data →Explore Multi-Domain Access →

Contact SD for supporting artifacts →

Land.Inspect parcels, tenure and land use.

Overview

Domain scope

Public sample access

Known limits

Published domain scope.

Domain scope.

Samples & fields

Published sample records.

Free parcel sample

Parcel code

Ward name

Land use type

Owner category

Title status

Plot area (m²)

Estimated market value (local)

Latest transfer reason

From city to ward to land.

Connections

Known and possible relationships

Known and possible relationships.

Domain guide

Land · archived guide edition

Modelled entities.

Two land units in the same city can have very different realities.

Land value changes as the city changes.

Evidence & limits

Scope and known limits

Known limits.

Does the synthetic land system resemble the city?

Access & datasets

Scope your data request

Review rights and delivery

Recorded example.

Land.
Inspect parcels, tenure and land use.